International Journal of Applied Science and Research

Eke, Stanley N. & Hart, Lawrence

Department of Surveying and Geomatics, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ABSTRACT:– The adequacy of the Gumbel distribution equation for hydrological extremes, with regards to rainfall extreme, is very paramount in hydrologic studies and infrastructural development of any region. This study investigates how the Gumbel distribution equation model and rainfall data set can be used to analyse flood frequency and flood extreme ratio of any given spatial domain and underscore its significance in the application of the model in geo-analysis of varying environmental phenomena. The classical approach of periodic observation of flood heights was deployed over a consistent number of rainfall days in addition to the determination of rainfall intensity and flow rate using relevant hydrological models over a period of time from available rainfall information. The geospatial height data of the western part of the Port Harcourt city metropolis being the study area was also provided. The result showed that a flood peak of 82cm was determined to have a sample mode of 0.532 in relation to sample size of 30 with an associated standard deviation of 1.1124. The result showed that from the frequency curve, the occurrence of smaller floods with a flood peak height of 90cm will be symmetrical and skewed. We assert that the Gumbel distribution equation model serves as a veritable tool for quick and efficient flood analysis and prediction for the study area.

Keyword:Flood, Spatial Domain, Frequency, Gumbel Distribution, Rainfall

GARANDI, I. D. and HASSAN, S. T. (Ph.D)

Department of Geography Adamawa State University’Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT:This study apprised 604 members of 285 cooperative societies in 12 LGAs of Adamawa State in respect to the role the cooperative societies play in alleviating poverty. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, Likert types, multiple regression, pairwise ttest, Mc-Nemar, and ranking index. The result of the study shows that income through a subsidiary, dividends, remittance, and assets are statistically significant and improved the income of cooperators. In terms of wellbeing, members’ opinion shows 32% improvement in domestic expenditure, 38% in shelter status, 35% on household nutrition, 36% in healthcare status, 21% on utilities and the general standard of living by 38%. The Foster Greer Thorbecke, FGT model was used to assess the absolute and relative poverty status of members before and after joining cooperative, the results indicated 17% declined in the absolute and relative poverty status of cooperators across the four zones. While the subjective poverty status shows a 21.8% improvement in the poverty status of members after joining cooperatives. The study recommended for the provision of more credit facilities to the societies to enable them to provide loan to their members for a profitable business; also, there is need include cooperative education in Nigeria educational curriculum right from secondary schools to create the needed leadership and capacity for a virile cooperative development Cooperative movement was also recommended to be made an integral package of Rural Development programs so that the rural poor could benefit and participate in socio-economic integration.

Keyword:Poverty, Cooperatives, Members, Societies, Reduction, Participation

1Obafemi, O.S, 1 Aladesuyi, A. and 2 Ademuyiwa, J.A.

1Department of Mathematics and Statistics Federal Polytechnics Ado- ekiti, Ekiti State,Nigeria 2Department of Statistics Federal Polytechnics Ileoluji, Ondo State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT:Concern is often expressed regarding the potentials harm that early childbearing imposes on the teen mother, the child and to the society at large. Hence the need to study and model some factors that may be considered as contributing to early child bearing by teenagers. These factors among others are parent’s economic status, environmental factors, secondary school attended, peer groups and parents spiritual levels. Logistic regression was used and it is observed that environmental factors and peer groups are significant factors that influence early child bearing, while the other factors considered does not contribute significantly to factors that influence teenager child births.

Keyword:teenagers, childbearing, Logistic regression, modeling, factors

Agabat H.E.Elnour

Department of Basic Education, College of Science and ARTS in ElRass, Qassim University, Quissm, Saudia Arabia

ABSTRACT:This study aims at conceptualizing how the Agile strategy, especially Scrum, may be used in education environments as a learning tool in universities, especially at education colleges, to make sure quality of education in line with the achievement, learning skills of the 21st century. First, the features of this methodology are described in process mapping with 12 steps so as to be easy to implement in the education environment and later connected to the literature of learning skills in the 21st century. This experience has shown that implementing the Scrum methodology may improve learning skills of the 21th century in terms of collaboration, self-regulation, and an increase in cognitive and metacognitive learning outcomes. Secondly, an empirical study was conducted. The Scrum methodology forces the teacher and students to clarify its purpose. As a result, its complexity is decreasing, and therefore the real-world issue is becoming less overwhelming. The reviews illustrate particularly the concepts that play a serious role. Thus, uncertainty about what to be told within the end-of-term tests pales. This, however, requires a redesign of context-based approaches. Developing an exciting real question isn't enough. It should be in the course of carefully developing tasks and appropriate reviews. Scrum celebrations and artifacts facilitate student collaboration and self-organization. Regular and explicit attention to those high-level skills may lead students to raise harden their future lives. The implementation of this technique may give new impetus to the promotion of context-based approaches. The study also suggests using the scrum methodology in an educational environment.It is necessary to own a guided oversight in well-designed professional development programs for the teacher to welltrained to use scrum a technique.

Keyword:agile methodologies, Scrum, Education technology, learning skills,

Adhy Firdaus

STIE GaneshaPost Graduate School of Management, Tangsel City, Banten, Indonesia.

ABSTRACT:The covid-19 epidemic is the worst health disaster of the year. The epidemic is threatening every country in the world. Pushing every citizen to imprison themselves at home and shutting down their direct oral communication with others. The research focus is on the People's expectations of the government officers’ work. The research questions are 1) what is in the minds of government officials when a disaster occurs? What is their response to victims when disasters take place? 2) What do they do to help communities affected by the disaster? 3) How do they respond to disaster? Since the study concerning humanitarian and social science matters, that is the feeling of the person affected by the disasters and pandemics, the qualitative method, and the phenomenology approach was perfectly suitable to be used for this study. The setting was in Jakarta’s government public offices which are spread out at many locations in the Capital City of Jakarta. The research found that in disasters time people expect the officers in public services office are more responsive to the victims, be fair and just, care and supportive.

Keyword:care, epidemic, officials, public service, responsive, supportive,

Mosange.K.L1., Kabasele.Y.A2., Wazi.N.R3., Bajope.B.J4.

1.Institut Supérieur de Techniques Appliquées (ISTA Bukavu à Burhuza). 2.Université Pédagogique Nationale ( UPNkinshasa/dptm de physique). 3.Université Officielle de Bukavu (UOB) et de Rouan Paris France. 4.Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles de Lwiro (CRSN)

ABSTRACT:Dans les pays du Tiers Monde, 80% des maladies sont liées à la consommation de l’eau impropre (souillée) par manque de points d’eau à aménager. Selon l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (O.M.S.) plus de 1,2 milliards de personnes sur cette terre n’ont pas accès à l’eau saine (potable). Disposer d’une eau de qualité et en quantité suffisante est une priorité de la santé publique et aux organisations non gouvernementales spécialistes en la matière. Les chercheurs et hydrauliciens ont toujours mis en place, le programme de recherche et d’exploitation des eaux souterraines par des forages, des puits, des adductions d’eau (gravitaires et motorisées) et des aménagements de sources. Bref, nous devons construire des réseaux de distribution d’eau qui sont préalablement traités et désinfectés si nécessaire. La population d’ISHOVU était victime des maladies d’origine hydrique car, elle s’approvisionnait en eau du Lac Kivu ou soit l’eau souillée des anciens puits détériorés suite à une malfaçon. Les techniques citées ci-haut sont pratiquement impossible compte tenu de la topographie et de l’hydrologie du site. La seule technique appropriée est celle des puits drainés. Sans eau la vie serait impossible, elle est nécessaire à la vie des végétaux et des animaux. Cependant, l’eau potable celle qui est essentielle à nos besoins ne représente qu’un pourcentage faible, le reste étant formé que par les eaux salées des lacs, des mers, des océans etc.. L’eau potable est donc un capital limite renouvelable mais fragile car menacée par une consommation croissante et par des multiples pollutions. Nous avons étudié le comportement de nos trois puits construits à Ishovu pendant trois ans (2O1O - 2O12) et en deux saisons (pluvieuse et sèche). Ainsi donc, nous avons fait les analyses physico-chimiques et bactériologiques des eaux du lac par rapport aux eaux de puits. Enfin,nous avons constaté comment nos puits se sont comportés durant cette période et quelles sont les dispositions à prendre pour augmenter sa durée de vie

Keyword:Potabilisation- Puits drainés- Hydrologie- Salinité.

Prashant Kanade and Pundalik Fadatare, Samad Patel, Rushikesh Salve Kapil Thakkar

Assistant professor, Dept. of Computer Engineering Vivekanand Education Society’s Institute of Technology, Chembur Mumbai 400074 and Students of Computer Engineering, Vivekanand Education Society’s Institute of Technology, Chembur Mumbai 400074

ABSTRACT:Digital Image Processing is one of the evolving technologies in today's world. There is a myriad of applications which are developed on the basis of this like remote sensing, color sensing, pattern recognition, video processing, etc. Machine Learning techniques like CNN (Convolution Neural Networks) are found helpful in providing accurate prediction, in this paper there is a representation of an automated review system. Reviews are collected specially reviewed in two forms as manual entries and video recordings. Both the reviews will be analysed and generalized comparison will be carried out. The basic idea in this paper is to identify the success rate of automatic review systems using facial expressions. It is very essential in determining the satisfaction level of the person with respect to any service or facility provided. Video review captures most of the indirect expressions which is helpful in deciding the emotion through video analysis; much more accurate results are obtained. It can be used in several aspects like a movie review, product review, student’s feedback, etc. Various technological aspects are touched in this innovative concept of sentiment analysis.

Keyword:Digital Image Processing, Convolution Neural Networks, Sentiment Analysis, Natural Language Processing, face recognition, facial expression, satisfaction level

Olotu, T.M1,2. ; Adegunloye, D.V2; Ekundayo, F.O2.; Ojo A. F3.; Agunloye, O. G2.; Ajibade, O. A1 and Amao, F.A4.

1Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Adeleke University, P.M.B 250, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria. 2Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo state, Nigeria. 3Department of Agriculture, Federal college of Agriculture, Mooro plantation, Ibadan. 4Deparment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Adeleke University, P.M.B 250, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT:Urban Rivers represent a unique ecosystem in which pollution occurs regularly, leading to significantly altered of chemical and biological characteristics of the surface water and sediments. However, the impact of urbanization on the diversity and structure of the river microbial community physiochemical parameters has not been well documented particularly for Ogbese, Ala, and Owena. In this study microbial and physiochemical analyses of sediment depths of River Ogbese, Ala and Owena were analysed. Microbiological analyses of the sediments at various depths of the surface water, sediment surface, 50cm, 100cm and 150cm were analysed using standard microbiological procedures and so were the physiochemical parameters of the sediments were determined using standard methods. Generally, the microbial population of the aerobic bacteria decreases as the depth increases while the anaerobic bacteria increases as the depth increase. River Ala, Ogbese and Owena sediment surface had the highest aerobic bacterial population of 2.4x105cfu/ml, 2.3x105cfu/ml and 2.4x105cfu/ml respectively while Ogbese 100cm and 150cm depth has the lowest bacterial population of 0.4x104cfu/ml. In the anaerobic isolation Ogbese 150cm has the highest bacterial population of 0.5x 105cfu/ml while Owena 50cm and Owena 100cm has lowest anaerobic bacteria count of 0.2x104cfu/m. Ala control has the highest fungal population of 1.6x105sfu/ml while Ala 100cm has the lowest fungal population of 0.2x104sfu/ml. The microorganisms common to all the river sediments of the three rivers were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizopus sp. The pH of the sediment at various depths ranged from 4.75 to 7.52. River Ogbses sediments had the highest organic matter content (5.5 %) while River Ala sediments had the lowest (1.5 %). River Ala had the highest ionization potential (53Mev), River Ala and Ogbese had the highest conductivity (172 µS, 119 µS, 209 µS; 344 µS, 192 µS, 79 µS) respectively and River Ala had the highest salinity (359 mg/kg) while River Owena had the lowest conductivity (12 µS) and salinity (2 mg/kg).

Keyword:Sediments depths, Microbial analyses and Physiochemical analysis

1 Annalyn V. Anislag &2 Marjohn V. Anislag

1 BFAR-Provincial Fisheries Office, Peñaranda Street, Brgy. Taft, Surigao City, Surigao Del Norte & 2Surigao State College of Technology, Magpayang, Mainit, Surigao Del Norte Philippines

ABSTRACT:The importance of the fisheries sector in the economic development of the country cannot be underrated. It plays a major role in sustainable livelihoods and poverty reduction in several households and communities. Moina sp. is a small freshwater cladoceran crustacean that belongs to the zooplankton has economic benefits and it is an important source of food for many species of fish and the most extensively utilized live food for fry and larvae of finfish and shellfish. The impact of this study is to minimize or lessen the cost of feed inputs in terms of commercial live food production for finfish and shellfish larvae. This study was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four (4) treatments replicated three (3) times. Treatments were the following: T1 – No application (Control); T2 – 2.5 grams Vermicast + 2.5 grams Chicken Dung; T3 – 5 grams Chicken Dung and T4 – 5 grams Vermicast. Data on the proliferation rate of Moina sp.were counted and recorded through daily sampling from stocking up to the death stage. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine the significant differences among treatments. Results showed that T2 – 2.5 grams Vermicast + 2.5 grams Chicken Dung; T3 – 5 grams Chicken Dung and T4 – 5 grams Vermicast were comparable with each other and significant higher over the Moina sp. without the application of organic manure. This study concluded that the application of different organic manures favored the proliferation rate of Moina sp.

Keyword:Moina sp., Proliferation rate, Different Organic manures, Growth pattern, cladoceran& Completely Randomized Design

Jennifer Lariba Nabdoya, Rose Akelendara Adoliyine, Kasandra BarchisuSeid, Caroline Vida Kurugu

Bolgatanga Technical University, Department of Registry, P. O. Box 767, Ghana, -West Africa.

ABSTRACT:There are already disturbing issues internationally related to labor unrest. Ghana's situation is no exception, making the area compensation plan studies and the productivity of the workers more important. The multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact and influence of the individual compensation items on the productivity of the employees. A cross-sectional survey was used, with a collection of 74 workers. Collated data were analyzed using basic data analysis table, correlation, and regression process. The findings showed that wage, fee, promotion, and bonuses are the main components of compensation packages and the findings also suggested that a statistically significant relationship exists between compensation packages and employee productivity. Further, the results showed that the impact of pay packages on the productivity of workers occurs. The research concluded that if management wishes to improve productivity within the company, all pay packages and other variables such as work climate, the morale of workers, and appreciation should be considered in order to achieve a 100% improvement in worry productivity. The researcher proposes an analysis to be carried out in some other part of Ghana about the effect of compensation schemes on employee productivity at GCB.

Keyword:Compensation, productivity, employee, impact, employee productivity, Bank

Rose Akelendara Adoliyine, Caroline Vida Kurugu, Kasandra Barchisu Seidu

Bolgatanga Technical University, Department of Registry, P. O. Box 767, Ghana, -West Africa,

ABSTRACT:Many organizations are noted to be experiencing high labour turnover rate in spite of high remuneration and extra incentive schemes and packages offered to workers. The research is aimed at finding out whether motivation can bring any change in workers’ attitudes towards work and thereby increase productivity. The multiple and simple regression was conducted to assess the impact and contribution of the motivational elements on the performance of the employees within Bolgatanga Technical University. The results showed that working environment, employee empowerment, and motivation (monetary rewards) are having a positive effect on employees’ performance within Bolgatanga Technical University and These findings attempted to justify the assertion that majority of workers these days want to obtain what is termed as job satisfaction and not necessarily monetary rewards. The research upholds the hypothesis that employees are interested in gaining more from their employers and that they are not so much interested only on wage remunerations. The research paper concluded that if management wishes to maximize the efficiency of its employees within the company, the working environment, employee empowerment, and motivation (monetary rewards) should have increased. Appropriate structures and procedures that would allow for the effective and efficient utilization of the training skills of the employees must be established.

Keyword:Employee empowerment, working environment, effects, employee performance, collinearity test, motivation, multiple and simple regression

Benoît, Mondji, Kodjo, Agbégnigan 1st Co-author: Rev. Dr. Simon, Njuguna 2nd Co-author: Rev. Dr. Paul, Nyaga

Faculty of Arts and Social Science/Philosophy, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA), Nairobi, Kenya

ABSTRACT:Among all animals, the human person is capable of leading a moral life. He is a rational being who is able to live a virtuous life. We can see that virtuous life which is solely human. Unfortunately, the same human person who is imbued with rationality and free-will, becomes an obstacle to the expression of that freedom and rationality of others, when it is a matter of politics and development. This is because people overthrow ethical values by promoting other values which are contrary to the virtues because of the schools of thought to which one belongs. This situation brings into our society, the perpetuation of many evils: moral, physical and metaphysical. In such conditions who shall we blame? Is it the socio-political system that transforms human person or the human person that transforms society? Where has gone the notion of virtue which is intrinsic to human being gone to? This study is meant to help human persons understand the importance of virtue in one’s life and its role in sociopolitical and development agenda. The reawakening of virtue in society becomes a way for us to rebuild a firm foundation for society. Foot’s notion of virtue ethics helps us to go to the root of our problems and sufferings instead of resolving the symptoms of the problems. Moreover, a proper life of virtue leads to a virtuous society whereby it establishes good political practices that ensure holistic development. Philippa Foot’s virtue helps us to have a society of more virtuous people. The valorization of virtue in our contemporary society brings change in the society. Foot’s notion of virtue opens doors for social transformation. This is because transformation has to start with the human nature and it is translated to human action which brings change to the entire society.

Keyword:Virtue, Ethics, Politics, Development, Social transformation

G.АKorablev*, R.G. Korablev*, N.G. Petrova**

*Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy **Informatization and Communication Agency of the Udmurt Republic

ABSTRACT:The resonance stationary state of structural processes takes place under the condition of equality of degrees of corpuscular and wave interactions. The fractal structures are formed under the condition of equilibrium statistic interaction of entropic and negentropic characteristics of all particles. Such principle is realized not only for snowflakes but also in many other natural phenomena, for example, during the cloud formation and even during dust concentration in premises. This condition is also fulfilled in microworld that is confirmed by the equations of Plank’s constant, fine structure constant and for π number. The conclusions obtained can be used in practice to search for optimal technological solutions.

Keyword: spatial-energy parameter, structural interactions, entropic nomograms, laws of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, fractal systems.

G.A. Korablev

Professor, Doctor of Science in Chemistry

ABSTRACT:It is demonstrated that according to the first law of thermodynamics the equality of entropic and negentropic components are the condition of resonance stationary state of systems. The initial nomo gramsofentropic and negentropic characteristics for many processes and phenomena in nature, engineering, and physical chemistry are given. The entopic technique for forming fractal systems is presented. The coronavirus scenario in Russia is analyzed. Theaccuracyofforecastregarding the maximum number rof diseases at the given moment and plateau duration are 96.5 %and 98.5%, respectively.

Keyword: coronavirus, entropy, negentropy, nomograms, stationary state, forecasts, fractals

Author: Fr. John Mwai Theuri, Co-Author: Rev. Dr. Njuguna Waitherero, Co-Author: Dr. Patrick Nyabul

[Philosophy Department: The Catholic University of Eastern Africa] Philosophy Department: The Catholic University of Eastern Africa., Department of philosophy and Religious studies: University of Nairobi

ABSTRACT:This article endeavors to analyze Dewey's progressive education in relation to virtue ethics. This is motivated by the great relevance that the concept of virtue has to the integral formation of the human person and to the whole process of progressive education. The definition of the concept of virtue from its etymological root, descriptive meaning, and a philosophical definition will be given. In examining the concept of progressive education in relation to virtue ethics, from a historical perspective as developed by Aristotle will lay a good foundation for this analysis. The Division of virtue will be laid out as understood from the various ways in which virtue manifests itself in the human person depending on various dispositions. This manifestation itself is in action. More unambiguously, it is an action that counts for the person to be virtuous. According to Aristotle, this happens when a person holds themselves in a stable equilibrium of the soul, in order to choose the action knowingly for its own sake.

Keyword: virtue ethics, rational animal, person, eudemonia

1. Author. Sabas Mwangi Kimani, 2. Co-authors: Rev. Dr. John Muhenda, 3: Rev. Dr. Simon Njuguna Waitherero

(Department of philosophy; The Catholic University of Eastern Africa)

ABSTRACT:A number of prominent contemporary philosophers, including Jurgen Habermas, John Caputo, and Robert Bernasconi, have at times painted a to some extent negative picture of Gadamer as not only an uncritical traditionalist but also as one whose ontological position on interpretation project failed to appreciate the difference. Against such claims, we argue that Gadamer’s reflections on art exhibit a genuine appreciation for a state of being other, not unrelated to his hermeneutical approach to the other. Thus, by bringing Gadamer’s position on contemporary practice we reflect on our experience of art into conversation with key aspects of his philosophical hermeneutics, we are able to better assess the viability of Gadamer’s contributions to contemporary discussions of difference and in a state of being other.

Keyword:: Contemporary, Hermeneutics, Ontology, interpretation

Olutoyin A. E.Okeya

Department of Nursing, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria

ABSTRACT:This research work was a non-experimental design and exploratory type which was aimed at assessing the psychological effects of children's hospitalisation on their mothers. The sample was from mothers of ill and hospitalised children of two selected hospitals, a government and a private hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria with a sample size of 50 respondents selected by convenience sampling technique, and analysed, interpreted, and discussed. The questionnaire was used for data collection and its validity and reliability were ascertained among mothers before the final use. The major findings of the study were that mothers find it very uneasy to handle their children illness and hospitalisation and would require support and encouragement in their mothering tasks. A longer period of dependency is needed by these mothers to rearrange their resources for coping. The recommendations from the study made centred on the effort of the World Health Organisation to prevent and reduce maternal and infant mortality and morbidity with the involvement of the registered nurse.

Keyword:Hospital Hospitalised Child, Mother, Psychological Effect